AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

Editor

P.Bhattacharjee

Director of Agriculture

Joint Editors

H.Thankhuma

Dy. Director of Agriculture

(Extension)

R.Zoramthanga

AAIO

Directorate Of Agriculture

Circulation Manager

Pi Vanramthangi

SMS (SS)

Zoram Loneitu-a thu chhuah

duh nei emaw, lehkha thawn

duh emaw chuan a hnuaia

Address-ah thawn tur a ni.

Editor

ZORAM LONEITU

P.O. BOX -098

Dte Of Agriculture

Mizoram : Aizawl

Pin - 796001

1. EDITORIAL …………………………………………………………….

2. Lehkhathawn …………………………………………………………

- Secy Group D Association

3. Ginger (Sawhthing) ………………………………………………...

- R.Zoramthanga, AAIO

4. Vawk vulh leh enkawl dan ………………………………………..

- Dr. Malsawmtluangi Ralte

5. Vairengte Multipurpose Cold Storage …………………………

- Lalhmingmuana AEO

6. Mau rah ranchaw atan …………………………………………….

- A.H. & Vety Department

7. Hei le Science ………………………………………………………..

- Aldrin Malsawmtluanga, Scientific Officer

8. Oil Palm vangin Goa ah ka kal ve a ……………………………

- F.Lalngaihzuala, News Editor, Lunglei Times

9. Mizoram tan Oil Palm a tha em? ………………………………..

- Rev. Lalthankuma, Comm.Member, Eco.Cell,

Synod Social Front

10. Mizo mipuite tan Agriculture Science ………………………….

(Thlai leh Theirah kan chin ho te chanchin)

H.Joel, S.O-Cum-S.A.

11. Hranghluite Huang ………………………………………………….

(Pu P.Roenga, DAO (Rtd) Chanchin

12. Keimahni

CONTENTS

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

Editorial

Thufing chuan "Tanrual hi chakna a ni" (Union is Strength) a lo ti a. A

ni taka, chhungkua ang te, pawlho ang te, Sawrkar hnaah te, Ram leh Hnam

tana thawhna kawngah te hian 'Tanrual hi chakna' a ni tih hre reng Chung leh

zawm chunga hma la thiam a piangte hian hlawhtlinna rah tha tak an seng

thin a ni.

Mizoram Sawrkar pawhin hmasawnna tha zawka Mizoram a kal

theihna turin tanrual atul a ni tih hre rengin decentralisation of

power/authority te hmang turin hma a la mek a. He Policy-in a tum chu

Sawrkar hnathawk Group 'A' te, Head of Department leh Administrative Head

te, kan Chief Secretary leh Sawrkar hotu lawk lian zawng zawngte tan tlan a;

kan theih ang tawk theuhah mawhphurhna la in, mahni duty ti hlawhtling in,

kan power leh authority theuh te danin ti tura a phalsak anga hman ho tlan a

ni awm e. Chu policy duhawm tak anga kal tlan a nih chuan kan lo tangrual

tlang zawk anga, taimakna thar min pe anga, mawhphurhna hlen lo Sawrkar

hnathawk nih a zahthlak dawn a ni. Chu chuan mipuiteah a tha zawngin rah a

lo chhuah ang a. A bik takin Agriculture lamah intodelh tura hmasawn tura tan

lak chhoh zelna turah awm zia duhawm tak a thlen dawn a ni.

He policy hi a thain tih hlawhtlin ngei a tha e tihna avangin Pu

H.Rammawi, Agriculture Minister hma laknain langtlang thei renga kalna tur

11th Plan atana Agriculture hmalakna pholanna/puanzarna-Louching

Programme pawh Agriculture District ah neih mek ani a. Hei hian loneitute,

NGO hruaitute, Sawrkar hnathawktute ah taimakna tha tak a siam a lo chhuak

ngei ang tih a rinawm a ni. Sawrkar hnathawkte, loneitute, NGO hote leh mipui

zawng zawngte hi Agriculture hmalakna alo hlawhtlin chhoh zelna turin i

tangrual tlang zel ang u.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

To,

The Diretor of Agriculture (Crop Husbandry)

(The Editor

Zoram Loneitu)

Ka pu,

Pathian leh Mizoram sawrkar remruatna a Director of Agriculture ropui tak i rawn

chelh chho ta hi keini i hnuaia Group 'D' hnathawkte chuan thinlung chhungril tak atangin kan

lawmpui tak meuh meuh che a ni.

I hnathawhah dik tak leh tluang taka i thawh zel theih nan duh sakna kan hlan a che.

Group 'D' aiawhin

Sd/-

Lalthanmawia

Secretary

Department of Agriculture

Group 'D' Association

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

GINGER (SAWHTHING)

R. Zoramthanga, AAIO

Botanical Name : Zingiber officinale

Family : Zingiberaceae

Boruak, Sik leh sa : Ram lum leh boruak hnawng a ngeih bera, tuipui awmna atanga 1500m

thleng a chin theih a ni.300m - 1000m MSL inkarah a thar hlawk ber. Kum khatah ruahtui tla

1500mm - 3000mm a mamawh. Daihlim lai deuhah a thangtha in a thar hlawk zawk.

Chinna hmun : Ram awihtlan, tui luan ral zung zung theihna leh leitha pangngai amamawha, lei

khal sakhat leh lei thengthaw lutuk a ngeih lo. Fur ruah intan (To ruah) tla hma lamah a linna tur

ram lei chu leh phut dap tur a ni.

A chin hun : April - June

A chi mamawh zat : 10 - 15 qtls

A bi inhlat zawng : 15-20cm x 25-45cm (a tlar leh a tlar) (a kung leh a kung)

Tin, a khur bik siam lovin Contour line siam a nih dan a zirin 2-3 ft danah a inzawm vek

a laih phut khuar (Contour trench ang deuhin) a, 15-20cm inkar danah lin tur a ni a, hei hi lei

lung luangral ven nan leh Terrace siam zui nan a a ni.

Enkawl zui dan : A chi lin atanga kar 2-3 ah a rawn chawr tana, hnimin a dip loh nan leh hnim

tam dan a zirin 3-4 vel thlawhfai tur a ni. Hnim tlawh tluk kha a lei khuh nan hman leh tur a ni a.

Favang, a peng insiam lai velin tha taka rih vur leh tur a ni.

Leitha pek : Ram tin 1-ah bawngek leitha 10-14qtls. a chi lin ruala (ram sawngbawl rualin) pek

tur a ni a. Urea - 65kgs., DAP -45kgs., MOP - 25kgs., pek bawk tur. Urea hi a mamawh zatve leh

DAP leh MOP te hi a chi lin laiin pek nghal tur. Urea la bang zawngte chu a inzatin sem lehin a

chawr atanga thla 1- ah leh a peng insiam hun laiin pek tur.

A seng hun : A chin atanga ni 260 chhunga seng zawh tur a ni a, hei aia rei dah chuan a

sawhthingah khan hrui zam a lo tamin, quality a tla hniam thin.

A thar zat : Chinna hmun a zirin ram tin 1-ah 100 - 150 qtls a thar thei.

A chi hrang te : Nadia, Thingpui, Thinglaidum, Rio-dejaneiro, China, Maran, Poona.

Sawhthing chawh hnua enkawl zui dan : Tih ro a hralh tur a nih chuan thla 8-9 emaw a upa a

ni tur a ni. A hnah alo eng tana, a lo ro in fimkhur taka chawh tur a ni. Chawhchhuah te kha

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

zankhuaa tuia chiaha, fai taka sil tur. Hetia tihfai hnu hian kar khat vel nisa-ah pho tur a ni.

Chumi zawhah 2% lime water in darkar ruk vel chiah leh a, tihfai a, tih ro leh tur a ni.

Eichhetu rannung leh enkawl dan:

1. Shoot Borer : A kung leh a tak a ei chhe thin a, lei seh chin Chung lam deuhah a kung

chhungah a hreuh lut a, a chhungril ei chhiain a kung a lo thi thin.

Enkawl dan : Endrin (5gm tui litre 1-a pawlh) in kah tur.

2. Leaf rolley : Hnahkhawr panganag ang hian a hnante a zial khawra, a nih tur ang a nih tir lo

thin.

Enkawl dan : Carbaryl (1 gm tui litre 1-a pawlh) emaw Dimethoate (5gm tui lite 10-a pawlh) a

kah tur.

Natna leh enkawl dan :

1) Sawhthing tam : Fur ruahtui tlak laia a kung a len tawh hnuah a hnahte lo eng tanin, a kung

bul a tawiha ni 2-3 chhung lekin a tlu dual thin. He natna thlen tu chuPythium species a ni a,

hmun hnawng cherh churh leh hul har lo ah te a tamin a darh hma bik.

Enkawl dan : A chi chu Agallol emaw Cerasan emaw a darkar chanve tal chiah tur.

2) Leaf Spot : A hnah a lo pawp a, a thar zat a tlak hniam phah thin. He natna thlen tu chu

Phyllostica zingiberi a ni.

Enkawl dan : Bordeaux Mixture (1 gm tui litre I-a pawlh) emaw Thiram (2gm tui litre I-a pawlh)

a kah tur.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

VAWK VULH LEH ENKAWL DAN

Dr. Malsawmtluangi Ralte

Vawk sa hi Mizo te hian kan ngaisangin kan ei nasa hle mai a. He ti taka sa ei nasa si hi a

vulh danah leh enkawl lamah kan la hnu fual hle mai a. Chhung khatin pahnih khat lek lek

vulhin, thenawmte tana hnawksak a ni nge ni lo pawh ngaihtuah lem lovin leh a hlawk zawk leh

tha zawk pawha vulh tum lem chuang lovin kan hah pui ve em em thin. Heng a hnuaia tar lan

atang hian hmasawna tur leh hriattur pawimawh te kan chhar chhuah ngei beisei ila.

A IN SAK DAN TUR : Vawk in hi thawl nuam tawk tak leh a Chung pawh sang tawk taka siam

ngei tur a ni. Vawk pakhat tan feet 3 leh feet 6 hisapa siam hi a tha tawk viau a, a chung pawh

feet 6 atanga feet 8 vel nise, a hniam lai hi feet 6 aia hniam lo nise a tha. Hei hian a enkawl tu tan

a nuam a, tin sik leh sa lakah pawh a chung sang chu a ziaawm a ni.

A chhuat a tan hian an tawlh thluk leh an tlak hawlh a an inhliam loh dan tur berin

ruahman thin nise. A tha berah chuan Cement concrete chhuat a tha a, nimahsela hei hi kan neih

zawh theih vek thil a nih loh avangin an tlakhawlh theih lohna tur tawk leh an ek tlak thlak theih

tawk tur a duan tur a ni.

Mizote hi hmun bik (farm) ni lem lova mahni inbul hnai a vawk vülh kan chin avangin

thenawm khawvengte tana hnawksak lo thei ang ber turin a ek leh zun thenfai lamah tan kan lak

zual a pawimawh. A theih phei chuan a ek leh zun luanna tur laih theih a tha. Heng an zun leh ek

hian a rimchhiat mai piah lamah tho leh natna hrik tam tak a ti pungin hei hi vawk leh a

enkawltu mihring hrisel nan a tha lo a ni.

A CHAW LEH TUI PEK DAN TUR : Thenawmte ning nawi leh hnim fawm chawp mai mai a vawk

kan enkawl thin hi kan kal san ve tial tial a hun ta hle mai. Kan hah pui ang bawka a hlawk zawk

theihna turin mithiam ten a tawk chauha an chawhpawlh sa ran chaw te kan pek thin a tha. Tin

heng favai, wheat vai, vaimim, buhkem etc. te hi vawkin an ngeih em em a, a theih phei chuan

vawk chaw atan kawlbahra, bal, vaimim, mai, pangbal leh thingfanghma te hi chin ngei bawk tur

a ni. A hnuai a mi ang hi an chaw mamawh dan te chu a ni:

1. Vawk thla 2-3 a upa - a chaw nitin 1 kg

2. Vawk thla 3-4 a upa - a chaw nitin 1 kg leh 250 gm.

3. Vawkthla 4-5 a upa - a chaw nitin 1 kg leh 500 gm.

4. Vawkthla 5-6 a upa - a chaw nitin 2 kgs

5. A puitling chin - a chaw nitin 3 kgs a chin chunglam

Tuithianghlim in mamawh ve reng an nih avangin a chaw bel bul emaw remchang laiah

tui thianghlim tawk chhawp sak ve reng tur a ni. Kan nei thei a nih phei chuan Automatic

Waterer neih tum ila, hna a ti sam khai em em a ni.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

VAWK, VAWK IN LEH A VEL VAWN THIANGHLIM:

Mihring ang bawkin nunna nei, natna kai thei an nih avangin kan vawk vulhte kan

bualfai thin a, a in leh a vel kan vawn thianghlim sak a pawimawh hle. Sap thufing in "Tihdam ai

chuan ven a tha zawk" an lo tih angin ran natna tamtak hi ran kan enkawl thianghlim hian kan

venpui thei a ni. Ek, zun leh chaw bangnawi chiahpiah nuaih renga kan khawsak tir chuan natna

chi hrang hrang pawh an kai hma bik a ni. Natna an kai tawh chuan a damdawi manah leh a

enkawl nan kan in sen a ngai leh thin. tin, an lo thianghlim chuan anmahni pawh an hriselin, an

than te pawh a chakin a tha bik nge nge.

A HUR HUN, NO PAI LEH NO NEIH CHUNGCHANG HRIAT TUR :

Vawk hi enkawl uluk a, chawm that bawk chuan thla 5 atanga thla 8 vel an nih hian an

hur mai thin. Amaherawhchu an hur hma a, an pumrua a la tet deuh chuan vulh len leh deuh zet

a tha. Vawk hian ni 114 no an pai a, a note pai rei zawng hi thla 3 kar 3 leh ni 3 tiin hriat a

awlsam. A note pai tam dan hi a vawk a zirin a inang lo thei hle, a thenin a tlem lamah 3/4 lek

neite an awm laiin, note 19 lai nei te an awm bawk a, a tlangpuiin note 7 atanga 13 an nei thin.

No an neih atangin a pui hi thla 2 velah an hur leh mai thin. A note hi thla 2 velah lakhran tur a ni

a, lak hran har chuan a pui a hur leh har a ni.

Vawkpui no neihna lai chu thli thaw in a chhem lohna turin thli dan a nei tha tur a ni a,

tin, a hul tha bawk tur a ni. A note neih lai hi uluk taka vil tur a ni a, a note lo piang laihrui chu a

taksa atanga inches khat velah la thianghlima hren a tan tur a ni. Tin, a pemah chuan iodine

hnawih a tha. Hemi hnu hian a pui hnute hnek tir tur a ni a, a buchip deuh an awm a nih chuan a

hnute hnek tanpui tur a ni.

Vawk no hian iron an tlachham duh tlangpui a, chuvangin an tet laiin iron injection pek

a tha, a awm remchang lo a nih chuan hnute an hnek paha an fawh tel turin a pui hnute hmurah

'ferrous sulphate' tuilum a siam tah tur a ni.

Vawknote hian ha hlam hriam tak an pianpui avangin a pui hnute an hliam thin bakah

an unaute an seh hliam theih avangin tin hlehna a hleh sak a tha.

VAWK TALH HUN: Mizote hian vawk hi kumpui linglet kan vulh tlangpui a, nimahsela eizawn

nan kan hmang tak tak dawn a nih chuan a talh hlawk hun kan thliar thiam a tha hle. Mithiamte

chhut dan chuan vawk hi thla 8 an tlin in talh a tling a, a sa pawh a hlawk thawkhat a ngaih a ni.

Hemi hnu lamah chuan chaw an heh tawhin an than zel dan leh an chaw ei khaikhinin a hlawk

tawh lo. Tin, ran upa lutuk sa chu a lo feiin thau a lo ngah nge nge a, hei hi mihring hrisel nan a

tha fahran lo.

Sathau hi Mizote hian kan duh em em mai a, nimahsela mihring hriselna atan a

thatlohna tamtak hmuhchhuah mek zel a ni. Chuvangin kan vawk vulh tur chu a thau pan chi leh

ti ngah chi (i.e. yorkshire breed etc.) kan vulh uar a pawimawh hle.

VAWK NATNA LEH A ENKAWL DAN:

Kan rama vawk natna lar zual deuh deuhte chu :

a) Rulhut – rulhut hi chihrang a tam hle mai a, sawi vek sen a ni lovang. An rulhut paite hi

mihring tan thlenga kaichhawn theih a nih vangin ran inah ke lawnga luh leh ran khawihna hnu

kut silfai mang lova thil ei mai chinte pumpelh tum a tha. Rulhut pai vawk chu a than a thu a, an

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

pawr duh hle, a nasa phei chu an taksa te a bawl chhuakin, enkawl vat a tha. Vawk rulhut pai

chuan an ha an thial ri duh tlangpui bawk a ni. Heng hi rulhut hlo (authelmintics) hmanga

enkawl tur a ni.

b) Swine Fever - Hei hi 'Mizo ten vawkpul hri kan tih ang chi hi a ni. Virus vanga lo awm a ni a,

an khawsik te a sangin chaw an ei tha duhlo a, an thihpui fo a nih pawhin an pawrin an than a

thu duh hle. Virus enkawlna tak hi a awm lo nain Anti-biotics hmanga enkawl dam theih tho chu

an ni. A tha berah chuan a hri danna (swine fever vaccine) å lo ven lawk hi a him ber. Vawk leh

väwk inkaichhawn theih a nih avangin a theih a nih chuan vawk pulhri vei chu dah hran a tha.

Tin, a in leh a vel fai taka väwn bawk tur a ni.

c) Swine Erisepalas - Hei hi Diamond Skin Disease an ti bawk. Hetiang natna vei chu an vun a

sen tuak a, khawsik sang tak an nei thin. Bacteria vanga awm a ni a, Antibiotics hmanga

enkawlin rang takin an dam leh thuai thei. Hei pawh hi inkaichhawn theih tho a ni a, vawk dam

lo chu kan dah hrang thei a nih chuan duhthusam a ni.

d) Dermatitis - Vawk phar kan tih ang chi leh vun natna dang ho hi a ni. Injection (i.e ivermectin

subcutaneous injection) leh a hnawih chi (i.e Himax, etc.) hmang te a enkawl damn theih an ni.

e) FMD-(Foot and Mouth Disease) : A ke leh ka na hri tih a kan hriat ho hi a ni- Hetiang natna

vei ho chu an khawsik a sang a, an ka chhung leh an ke a durh a, chil thli te an thlauh in kal pawh

harsa an ti. Virus vanga awm a ni a, antibiotics hmanga enkawl tur a ni.

Heng bakah hian natna tam tak sawi a awm a, kan sawi vek seng lovang. A tha berah

chuan a ven Lawk theih chi ho chu ngai pawimawhin ven lawk na vaccine lak hram hram a tha.

Mithiam te rawnin thil zawh peih a, chhiar tur kan hmuh theih ang ang te chhiar a 'zawm thin

tur a ni’.

Awle, heng lo pawh hi sawi tur tam tak a awm a, kan sawi vek seng lovah ngai ila. Zopa

hriatdan leh Zopa Science ring bur lovin, kan sawl tak angin mithiam te rawn hreh lo ila.

Eizawnna ngelnghet leh hlawhtling nei turin duhsakna kan inhlan a ni e.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

VAIRENGTE MULTI-PURPOSE COLD STORAGE

Lalhmingmuana

Agricultural Extension Officer

Mizoram a kan thlai thar te vawn thatna tur leh, phai lam atanga kan thlai lakluh

thenkhat te a thar loh hunlai pawh a eitur a awm reng theih nan, Mizoram Intodelhna

Programme (MIP) chuan India ram a Cold Storage siam leh sak a hmingtha leh rintlak, Lalit

Projects Pvt. Ltd., Kolkata te ruaiin Vairengte Multi-Purpose Cold Storage chu kum 2005 July thla

atang khan sak tan ani a. December 2006 khan sak zawh ni in, February ni 9, 2007 khan Home

Minister zahawm tak Pu Tawnluia'n a hawng a ni.

A hming a 'Multi-Purpose' tih telna chhan hi chu a ruala thlai thar chi hrang hrang te

vawnthat theih a nih vang a ni. Thlai thar leh rah te vawn that nan hian temperature an

mamawh dan a inang lovin boruak hnawng an mamawh dan a inang lo bawk a. Hei vang hian

kan thlai thar dahthatna tur chu a bik a siam pindan hrang theuhah dahin a bik taka enkawl leh

vil an mamawh theuh a ni. A vawt tho tih vanga duhna hmun apiang pindan a dah ngawt theih a

ni lova, khung pawlh miah loh tur an ni.

Vairengte Multi-Purpose Cold Storage hi a in len zawng chu 13,468 sq.ft a zau niin

pindan (Chamber) 8 a awm a. Chhawng (Floor) 4 a sak niin a in pum san zawng chu 45ft. a ni a,

kawngka 24 neiin tukverh 5 siam a ni. A power mamawh zat chu 140 k VA niin Ammo- nia

(NH3) Gas chu boruak tivawt tu atan hman a ni.

He Cold Storage ah hian thlai chi hrang hrang Alu, Hmarcha, Aieng, Iskut leh Sawhthing

vawn thatna tura siam a ni a. 35,000 quintal a tam a rualin a dahthat theih a ni. A chhunga thlai

chi hrang vawnthat theih dan chu hetiang hi a ni.

Sl No

Thlai hming

Temperature

Boruak hnawng

Dahrei theih

zawng

Alu

1.6° - 2.7°C

90% R.H.

Thla 9 chhung

Sawhthing

12.7°C

65% R.H.

Thla 6 chhung

Hmarcha

6.6°- 7.2°C

82-85% R.H.

Thla 9 chhung

Aieng

1.6°- 7.2°C

70-75% R.H.

Thla 4chhung

Iskut

3.3°-4.4°C

90-95% R.H.

Thla 4 chhung

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

Cold Storage pindan chhungah hian lum leh vawt khawih danglam lo thei turin mau leh

thing thlai dahna tur chhuar (Rack) siam an ni a. Thlai dahna turte chu fai leh ro/hul takin a

intiat tlang deuh chu buara ip emaw polythene bag chhungah khungin dah tur a ni. Kan thlai dah

turte chu motor atanga hlan thlak hnuah daihlimah darkar 4/5 vel dah daih hnu chuan a dahna

bik pindanah a remfel theih tawh a ni. Zing leh zan hi Cold Storage a thlai dahluh hun atana

duhthusam a ni. Chumi hnu chuan an mamawh tawk boruak vawt leh hnawng a vawnthat an ni

tawh thin.

Vairengte Multi-purpose Cold Storage-ah hian thlai thar chi hrang hrangte 35,000qtls.

lai a Vawnthat theih avangin, tuna kan thlai thar chhuah dan ringawt chuan he Cold Storage hi a

luahkhat zo lo hle mai a. Chuvang chuan loneitute pawhin nasa zawka tan kan lak a, he Cold

Storage hmang tangkai a, a thar loh chhunga thlai hrisel kan ei a, hlawk zawk a kan hralh theih

hi he Cold Storage tangkaina ber tur a ni.

Mizorama kan Alu ei tam tak hi Silchar Godown/Cold Storage åtanga lakluh an ni a, man

tlawm zawka kan lei theihna tur leh he Cold Storage enchhinna turin tunah hian phailam alu

thar 5000qtls. vel chu dahluh niin vawnthat mek a ni a, heng Alu te hi nakin lawkah chuan

Silchar Godown/Cold Storage atanga lak chhuah aia tlawmin Mizoram chhungah hralh chhuah

tum a ni.

He Cold Storagehi kum 1 chhung chu Lalit Project Pvt. Ltd. hian an enkawl rih dawn

Hemi chhung hian Mizo thalai hetiang lam kawnga tuimi te chu training pek chhoh a, nakin zel a

a hlawkna pawh Mizo ten kan tel chhoh zelna tur a ruahmanna pawh siam a ni.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

"MAU RAH RANCHAW ATAN"

Published By

A.H. & Vety Department

Mautam tih tawngkam hi Mizo zingah na na na chuan hre lo fa kan awm awm love. He

mautam hian kaihhnawih tam tak a neih zingah mau a han rah ta vak mai hi thangthar kum

hnuailam tan chuan thil thar leh hun danglamn tak zawng a ni phawt mai. Hetia mau arah ta vak

mai hi thil mak tak leh hun danglam tak angin lang mahse, ngaihtuah chian chuan thil pangngai

tak niin a lang. Mau dam hun chhung (lifespan) hi kum 48 vel a ni a, an thih dawn in, athlaktu

turin a lo rah ta chiam mai niin a ngaih theih bawk.

Mau a rah tan tirh kum 2005 atang tawh khan A.H & Vety Department chuan hmalain

maurah in chawtha a pai tam dante department-a feed Analytical Laboratory ah enfiah a ni a,

helai hmuna tih theih bak te pawh State pawn lam Laboratory changtlung zawkah sample te

thawnin a theih chin chinah Maurah hi zirchian a ni a. Analysis result atanga a landan maurah

hian nutritive value a nei sangin ran atan a tha thawkhat viauin a lang. Kum tina rah ni phei

selang chuan kan ran chaw siam thin atana item/ingredient pakhat atan pawh hman tlak ve

awm tak niin a lang.

Department a zir chianna a a landan chuan maurah hian tui 80%. Crude protein

(CP)15%, hriak (EE) 1.5%, Crude fibre (CF) 13.9%, Total ash 4%, Acid insoluble ash(AIA) 0.27%

leh nitrogen free extract (NFL) 65.6% te a pai a. Hnim hring leh thlai hring, bawng leh vawk

kanpek thin ho tam tak ai hian mau rah hian chaw tha a pai hnem zawk a ni. A chunga kan tarlan

ang khian mau rah hian tui a pai tam avangin Bawngin lo ei tam ta viau pawh nise, chaw ro

entirnan-buhfai vaimim, dal etc., a ei teuh avanga a thihpui theih ang te hi a hlauhawm ve lo a ni.

Mau rah hian 15% vel protein a pai a, hemi ah hi chuan bawng eichi hnim dang aia a

thatna em em a awm lova, tha ve pangngai a ni mai, mahse crude fibre a pai tlem a, hei hian pai

tawih a ti awlsam tih a tichiang phawt a. Tin, nitrogen free extract (NFE) hi hnim dang zawng

zawng te aia sang 65% ngawt a pai a. Hei hian abikin chaw thial nawn chi bawngte tan chaw tha

anih theih zia a tichiang a ni. NFE han tih hian carbohydrate kan tih mai starch leh sugar ho

hlawm a ni a. Hei hi chaw thial nawn ho tan chakna thahrui petu ber kan ti thei ang.

Bawngte hian NFE te hi thahrui atan ngawr ngawr hmang lovin taksa insiam nan leh

hnutetui tihtam nan te a hmang tangkai hle a ni. Kan sawi tawh angin maurah hian fibre a

paitlem avangin hnim dangte nen khaikhin ralah chuan pai tawih a nuam bik hle tura ngaih a ni-

Total ash 4% lai a pai a, minerals kan tih mai chi calcium, phosphorus, zinc, manganese etc. te a

pai tha thawkhat tihna ani thei. Hemi piah lamah taksa in a pai tawih theih reng reng loh Acid

insoluble ash (silica) a pai tlem hle bawk si a. Hei hian a entir chu a eitu ranin pai tawih deuh vek

in a taksa tan a ei ang ang a hmang tangkai deuh vek tihna a ni.

Tin, maurah zirchianna atanga thil hmuh chhuah pakhat Chu? Hnim hring dangte aiin

mineral thenkhat, calcium? phophorus, manganese, Iron, Magnesium etc. te a pai tam viau mai a.

Abikin manganese te phei hi chu Scientist tam tak report atanga a landan phei chuan sazu leh

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

chaichimte hian inthlahchhawnna atan an mamawh in a pawimawh hie a ni. Maurah ranchaw

atan a that theihna awm hmuhchhuah nual nimahse, toxic factors (tur) lam chi a paidan hriat a

ni rih lova, hemi hrechiang tur hian department-in hmalak zel a tum a ni. Lehkhabu hrang hrang

record atanga a landan chuan mau hnah hian toxin Chikhat, hydrogen cyanide a pai a, maurah

pawh hian pai ve tura ngaih a ni a, chuvangin ruahmanna mumal awm lova an duh zah zah

bawng te eitir ngawt ai chuan pum puar ang chi harsatna a thlen theih a rinawm.

Mitam takin ranchaw atan maurah nge tha vaimim tih zawhna te kan siam thin a, zawh

awm tak pawh a ni. Mahse thil rotak leh tuidul tak khaikhin tur a nih avangin an thatna leh

chhiatna khaikhin a harsa viau thei ang. Entirnan, bawng puitling hi vaimim kg 10 pe ta ringawt

ila, reiloteah pumpui thur avangin harsatna namenlo a tawk ang, maurah kg 10 a ei erawh chuan

kg 8 vel tui a ei tel dawn avangin a taksa tan harsatna awm lovin a hmang tangkai mai ang.

Chutihlaiin vawk ah kg 1 ve ve pe ta ila, vaimim atangin 900gm vel dry matter a dawn a, a taksa

tan tangkai tham a nih iaiin maurah atang chuan 200gm vel chauff dry matter a dawng dawna a

beitham deuh dawn tihna a ni. Chuvangin an nihdan ang ngau ngau chuan khaikhin chi an ni

lova, an tui paitam dan in ang chiah a khaikhin chu nise an in thlauh dan emaw an intlukdan

emaw a sawi chian theih ang. Mahse an nihdan pangngai siam danglam khan an thatna kha a

danglam daih mai thei bawk si a. Maurah atang hian tui la chhuakin ran pe ta ila, a hringa ran a

pai tawih theihna kha tam takin a tlahniam mai thei. Tin, vaimim hi maurah in tui a pai tam ang

vel pai ve turin chiahpuam ta vak ila a pangngaia ran tana a thatdan ang a phak lo thei bawk.

Chuvangin thil khaikhin harsa tak a ni.

Mizoram hmun tam takah nikum hmasa atang tawh khan mi thenkhatin Maurah hi

bawng leh vawk an lo pe nual tawh a, a tlangpuiin ranin an thatpui deuh niin a lang. Hei, kumin

ah phei chuan Durtlang leh Sihphir lama bawnglian vulhtu thenkhat te chuan maurah hi bawng

an pe nasa hle mai a, heng bawnglian vulhtu sawm chuang zet te hi A.H & Vety lam Official ten

an in leh ran vulhna hmunah te kalin an bawng enkawl dan, chaw pek dan, maurah pek tel dan

leh bawnghnute thar tam dante chiang taka zawtin kawmna an nei a. Heng bawngvulhtute hian

maurah pek avangin an bawngten hnute an thar tam phah vekin an sawi a, a thente phei chuan

bawnghnutein a tak phahin an sawi bawk. Thenkhat sawidan chuan, Bawngin maurah hi an

ngeih hle a, an ei hma a cher, nakruh lang thiak thin kha maurah a chawm an nih chuan an thau

mum kang hlawm a ni' an ti. Bawngvulhtu pakhat phel chuan a bawngpui hurna lo tak thin, a

hur pawha an hriat mang thin loh chu maurah a ei atangin hai rual lova na in a hur ta niin a sawi.

Hetianga bawng vulhtu hrang hrang A.H. & V ety Official ten an kawmkualte bawng vulh

belhkhawm hi a puitling 78 leh a note 38 an ni, A tam berte hian nikhatah bawngpui pakhat tan

maurah Kg 10 vel zel pein zing chhun leh tlaiah an pe thin. A aia tlem deuh Kg 6 leh Kg 7 vel

hisap a pe te pawh an awm laiin, a then thung chuan Kg 15 lai pete pawh an awm. Nikhata kg 10

vel pe thin te hian a tlangpuiin an bawnghnute thar za zelah 25 (25%) vela pung angin an sawi.

Entirnan, bawnghnute nikhatah litre 40 vel thar thin khan litre 50 vel maurah an pek hnuah an

thar thin tih an sawi. Nikhata bawng pakhat tan maurah Kg 15 vel pe thin te chuan an

bawnghnute thar 100 zela 30 (30%) hial a pung angin an sawi bawk. An report hrang hranga a

lan dan chuan bawngin mau rah an eiin an taksain a that phah a, an hur that phah a, an hnute a

tak phahin a tam a. Pek tam poh leh an hnute a tam zel tihna a ni. Bawngvulhtute hian maurah

an pek avanga an bawngte hnimhnah hring an pek thin an tihhniam rualin Concentrate feeds

(Wheat vai, favai, atta leh oil-cake) an pek thin te an tihhniam sak ve lem lo thung.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

Department a zirchianna atangg thil hmuh chhuahte hi ataka bawng petute khan an

rawn tichiang viau mai. Bawng taksa in an thatphah a, an hur that phah a, hnutetui a tam phah te

hi a awm viau. Toxic level hre chiahlo pawh ni ila, mi thenkhatin nikhata kg 15 vel bawng pakhat

an pek chung pawh a, bawng a thatlohna a awm loh chuan ran tan a hlauhawm tham tur (toxin)

a pailo te pawh anih hmel khawp mai.

Engpawhnise, A.H. & Vety Department lam chuan maurah ran pek chungchangah a

neitute duhthlannah a dah mai a. Maurah kan pe a nih pawhin Kg 15 aia tam bawng pakhat tan

pek nilo se. Tin, concentrate feed kan pek tihtawp nilo bawk sela thil chikhat ringawtah ran

mamawh chawtha a awm famkimloh avangin, hnimdangte nena pek pawlh pawh a tha viau.

Maurah awm chhung na na na chuan ran pek hi a pawina a awrn hmel loh a, amaherawhchu

maurah pek than bawngte hian hnim dang an eithat duhloh phah deuh a, maurah hi a awm reng

dawn siloh avangin a petute lam pawhin a awm loh huna buailo tura inruahman erawh a

pawimawh hle ang.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

HEI LE SCIENCE

Aldrin Malsawmtluanga

Scientific Officer

Mizoram Science Centre, Aizawl

Science tih thumal han lam rikngawt pawh a 'a harin a huphurhawm awm' tih

ngaihdanin a zawm zat zel thin hi eng Vang ber nge ni ang aw? Zirlai tamtak ten a har ti a thiam

theilo tura an inngai nghal ringawt thin hi a pawiin a nihna an hriat tawk loh vang lek a lawm

maw lo ni le. Science chu mi bik tlemte chauh hriatthiam chi, thil harsa tinreng inchhun

khawmna nia ngaihna hi puitling zawk te ah pawh a la lian hle. A enga pawh chu nise a buan a

hma hauha kherh nghal ngawt loin, Science thiamte din channa khawvelah hian a bul thumah

thian han chhep chho ta mai mai ila, engemawti tal a kori a lotuk tak hlauhin.

Science tih hi Latin tawng Scientia tih atanga lak a ni a, hriatna saptawng a Knowledge

tihna mai a ni. 'Science chu a tih a tih a ni' tih thu zir hria kan ni hlawm ang a. 'Science chu thil

engpawh a nihna diktak hrefiah tura zirchianna' ti hian awlsam taka sawifiah theih niin ka hre

thin. Chuti anih chuan mi bik tlemte tan chauh nilo in, mihring tungchhoa kal, ngaihtuahna

pangngai nei tawh phawtte huam vektu a ni.

A nih leh Science innghahna lungphum chu enge ni ta ang le? Nitina kan nundan hrim

hrimah hian heti mai hian alo bet tlat a lawm maw le. A hmasa berin rindan neih phawt a, chu

rindan chu a dik leh dik loh hrefiah tura enchhin a, enchhinna atanga a tlangkawmna siam a, thil

nihdan dik tak finfiah hnu puanzar mai hi a ni. Nitin nuna chutiang tih nachang hria i nih chuan

sap tawng thumal khat pawh hre loin, belh leh paih pawh a mik a mak hre lo mah la, science

thiam Scientist pakhat i ni tihna a ni. Chik taka engkim ngaihtuah mi, mi huaisen, thu

puarpawleng leh rinthu mai mai a innghat ve lo, mi rintlak niin miin an ngai ang che'nga 'Pa

rawn/Nu rawn' i ni tihna a ni der mai dawn zu nia.

Mizo te hi pipu atang renga ngaihtuahna fim tak hmang thin kan ni hian ka hre thin. Kan

lo neih danah pawh hian Science innghahna lungphum hi kan phawk tha hle a sin. A hmasa ber a

khawtlang hruaitu ten ram tha, buh leh bal thar hlawkna tur Zau an han ngaihtuah te, chumi

hnua ram theh a lo nih tak dan te, mahni lo tur ram tha ni a hriat an pawm dan te hi. An ram

thlan chu engnge a nih hrechiang tura iptepui ak a chempui nen ber a thawkchhuak ta thin te,

ram chuan a lung a dum a, a vah a, a hal a, thlai chi a thlak a, hunbi nei tak a a thlawh a, a tawpa

buh leh bal a seng khawm ta thin te hi; Science chu pa ber chuan hre hran lo mah se a takin a lo

hmang reng mai a lawm maw le.

Pa ber han tih chuan Nuho ten telve loah an inngai palh hlauh ange. Choka a chetla thin

nuho te hi asin science thiam ka tih thin ni. Tui chhuan soah thingpuife a tawk chauhin an han

thlak a, bawnghnute leh chini a tawk chauha an telh hnu a thingpui tüi em em min hlui thei ta

mar thin te hi. Bai siam te hlei hlei hi maw le; saum, chingal, chi leh bawlhlo dang dang a hun

takah a tawk chiah zela telhin, hnam dangte siam thiam ve hauh loh ngei mai chu tui ti takin kan

lo hawp ri hruih hruih mai zawng a nih hi. A tu kher kher hian nge maw chingal nei tura vut

thlawr nachang lo hria le. Chawhmeh hmui taka kang tur a bawlhlo; purun, aieng ilo telh kual

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

dan te pawh hi, chu mai a ni hleinem bekang um dan te hlei hlei hi science thiamna a va ni tehul

em. Chu zawng ai pawha ropui ka tih thin chup Telhawng ei theiha siamchhuah a lo ni hi maw le.

A hlangin el ia llahrawk a thak dawn tehlul hen, hrawk thak löh nana chingal a rei tak chhiah

nachang lo hretu hi ka fak tawp theilo. A ma’n inhre lo mahse Science a thiamin zirlaibu a telh

hial tak ka nap e. Hriat reng atana tha chu hnam changkanglo leh michangkanglo apiangip ei leh

in an duh tui loin an fawm tawp a, mimal leh hnam ang pawha changkan leh changkan loh tehna

tha ber chu thil ei duh zawng hi a ni an lo tih hi hre tel ve mai mai ila.

Mi chhe fa nin nåk laiin chawhmeh kan hmeh ve dawn tukah tel neih ve chhun i chhuang

alh palh ta hlauh mai. Chaw ei nghahhlelh nak laiin ava han pawi téhlul em! Tuia leih mih i

tumna lamah a alh zual ta zawk si. In leh lo, neih zawng zawng bakah khua i hal a ni rigawt mai

dawn, a va mangangthlak ngai em? I mangang phili buåi chu tih ngaihna hre lovin i takam

chembo din ta mai mai a. I vanneih a siamin thenawmpa remhre tak a rawn zuang lut hlauh mai.

A chhinna phui taka chhinin tel alh chu a mit mai dawn tih hriain chhin ta hmak mai. A

remhriatna zarah chhiatna rapthlak tak thleng mai tur i pumpelh ta. I thenawmpa chuan boruak

chi khat Oxygen tel loin mei a alh thei lo tih hre kherlo mahse Science a thiam a ni. A alh theih

dan Science kha hre kher lo mahla mei alh nan hmui vung kwh luk a in chhem thin kha.

Thil tha lo lain hi zirtir ngailo in kan thiamsa zaih zel zawng a nih hi. Zuk leh hmuam te

hi kan taksa hrisel nan a tha lo tih hrelo kan awm loh lai hlan kan va han uar ta em! Kan

changkan loh zia lan chhuahna pakhatah mi thiamte chuan zu ngai daih a maw le. Ka han sawi

duh zawk chu tu kher hian nge, panhnaha chinai taha kuhva rah nena eikawp hi a tui tih lo hmu

chhuak reng reng. Sahdah chinai nena nuai kawpa heh chhunga hmuam nachang hi tu lo hriat

nge. Mei zuk phei hi chu pui punna hmun hrim hrimah sorkar khap a lo ni ta zawk a. Tuibur kan

hmuam a, kan pik puat puat a, ahmuam ve ngai lo tan chuan a rim chhiain a va tenawm teh lul

em. Amaherawhchu tuibur thlawr dan erawh hi chu science thiamna pakhat a ni tlat. Tuibur

thlawr thiam tak khan a tihdan kha scientist chumi khami tihdan tih hre lo mah se a hnaah khan

science a bet tlat zawka ni.

Chakai khawrh changte hian pa chak deuh chuan lung lian tak tak an phawk tem rum

mai thin a, an man theiin an awhawm duh hle mai. Mahse, thanem leh chawrche ve takte pawn

pa chak leh sek pui pui te tih theih chu thluak tlem hmangin an tih ve theih thin kha. Thingtuai

tha zet zawt karfunga han hman kha chuan patling tam tak phawh zawh miah loh tur kha

mahniin a kar phawk ve pheng phung mai thin a nih kha. Thil hlawm lian leh rit thingluang

emaw thlanlung emaw dah sawn chang te hian ahnuaia thir mum emaw thing mum lam chi

dahin awlsam taka nawr sawn dan kan thiam thin kha. Heng Science te hi zirlai te zir tlut tlut,

tam tak thiam theih loh chu zu ni mai a.

Khawchhak lamah Ni a lo chhuak a, thlang lam pana her zelin khawthlang lamåh a tla

leh thin. Nitin kan hmu renga kan awmna Léi hi Ni hian a helküal a lawm tiin tan i lo khawh viau

a nge. Mita hmuh dan maiah chuan a dik chiah alawm, mahse miin an nuih san loh nan che kan

chenna khawvel hian Ni khi a hel kualzawk ti then mai ang che. Scientist te finfiah hnu a ni si a.

Tin, kan chenna khawvel pawh hi mum loin a phek duai tih kan hmu reng a lawm i ti leh pek em.

Mi thiam ten khawvel hi artui ang deuha tungsawl a ni tih an finfiah daih tawh a sin. Ralkhat

thingluang lang zingah saw tak saw a lian tiin sawi nghal mai lo la; a hmun ngeia i teha a nihna I

finfiah hnuah chauh thutawp siam thin zawk la, tichuan ni rintlakah i in chherchhuak thei zawk

ang. Mita hmuh leh benga hriat zawng zawng hi finfiahna tello chuan rin mai tur a ni ngai love.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

Khawvel changkang tawh takah, computer khawvel, tapchhak zawl atanga khawvel let

liama thil thleng a hmun aia chiang mah akan hmuhtheih tawh lai leh, Mobile phone hmanga

khawihmun ami pawh kan ti ti pui theih tawh lai hian, finfiahna awm si lova hlauh leh tih la nei

tlat kan awm ang tih hi a hlauhawmin ka hria. Nikhat thilthua chhungkhat atanga chhim leh

hmar zawnga zin tih ang reng te, Eng thla emawm nupui pasal inneih nan a la duh hauh loh te,

thil tam tak a la awm ngaihtuah chhunzawm ila. Thing lubul leh zawng lu ro hlau mai mai tur

chuan kan fing tawh ani law'm ni. Thlahrang leh ramhuai te hi science chuan a hre ve lo a nia.

Kan thilhmuh leh hriatsual te hi finfiah zel nachang hriat a hun ta hle mai. Thlahrang leh thawm

maksak hriate thil hriat hi eng vak ni loin zuva thawm vel mai mai a ni duh viau a sin.

Kan chenna khawvel mai piah lamah van zau puia thil awm zawng zawng te khi a va han

ropui tak em! Siamtuin a siam thiam em a, keini mihring fing leh hria inti a chapo tak te hian a

then pawh kan hre chhuak zo silo. Hmun sang lam atangin hmun hniam lam zelah tui a luang a,

thil sakhat zawng zawng te chhuk zawngin an lum bawk a. Mihring ten kan tisa mamawh nei

turin thlan sa kul taiin hna kan thawk a. Ramsa an lim puat puat a, rannung te tak te te- Sisen

chenin mahni hna theuhah an buai chur chur a, Van sangah mu vanlai a leng der der bawk a. Tui

chhungah sangha leh luisa tinreng an khawsa a. Heng zawng zawng te hi an mahni tawk theuhah

an va ropuiin kawng hmang nei taka duan an va ni em. Hetiang te te zirchianna hi science chu a

ni zel mai a ni. Nitina i thil tih kawng engkimah khan i hriat miah loh laiin scientist te hnathawh

ang tam tak i nuna a beh tlat avangin i thawk reng alawm. I inhre lo mai mai a nih kha. I

thawmhnaw inbel i phelh changa puak ri tek tek thin te kha electric chikhat a ni tih i ngaihtuah

ngai em?

Science thiam hi 'Pathian thuawihna a ni. Miin science nihphung a man fiah tawh chuan

thu belhchian dawllo a sawi ngai lova, eng thu pawh a nihna dik tak a finfiah hma chuan a ring

ve mai ngai lo. A bul a awm miten nuam an tiin, dawt a sawi ve ngai lo a ni. Science kan thiam loh

em avang hian tisa leh thlarau ah hruaiboin kan awm thin a nih hi. Mi thusawi apiang a dik leh

dik loh pawh finfiah hmasa uk lova ring nghal a, thudik sawi a sawi chhawng leh par par mi i nih

ngai chuan, i nuna science bet tlat kha a nih tur angin hman nachang i hre lo tihna a ni. Thudik

hriat fuh hi mi rintlak nihna a ni a, Science thiamna a ni bawk.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

OIL PALM VANGIN GOA-AH KA KAL VE A

F, Lalngaihzuala

News Editor, Lunglei. Times

Mizoram Sawrkar Agriculture Department buatsaih, Farmers Exposure Visit to

Pedavegi and Goa, April 23 atang a May 4 chhung khan neih a ni a. Hetah hian kei pawh

Department lamin min rawn ngen angin MJA Lunglei Dist. aiawhin ka kal ve a, vannei ka inti hle.

He tour-ah hian AMFU, MICLUN, KHP, Godrej, Synod Social Front, MJA leh Official aiawhin mi 22

lai kan kal a, kan kal chhan ber chu Mizoram kuthnathawktu te tana hmathar a lak mek Red Oil

Palm chanchin zau zawka hre tura kal kan ni.

Agriculture Directorate a AEO (ISOPOM Section) Pu C.Vanlalhruaia'n min hruai a,

Leader nih a tlin hle mai. Amah avang hian harsatna kan tawh tur tam tak kan pumpelh a,

chumai bakah sum leh pai manage pawh a thiam hle a, a kal ho zawng zawng ten TADA kan

hmuh vek bakah Pocket Money engemaw zat min pe thei hial a ni. (Hei hi kan beisei phak lo a

ni). Tin, hei bakah hian Godrej Company-a Mizoram a an hotunu NI.Sangtei a felin a ngaihna a

hre zar zar hle a, a ni hian kan Leader hnung a dawl hneh hle a, kawng engkimah Leader nen kan

hmatheh an ni a, an hruaina hnuaia zin a hahdam thlak hle a ni.

Aizawl atangin April ni 23 khan kan chhuak a, tluang taka kalin April ni 25 & 26 chu

Pedavegi (Andhra Pradesh) ah chamin National Research Centre for Oil Palm (NRC-OP) Oil Palm

Training Centre an tih ah kan thleng a, kan cham chhung hian helai hmuna Oil Palm an chinna

hmunpui ram zau tak mai chu chipchiar takin kan fånga helai hmuna mithiam ten Oil Palm chin

dan atanga a enkawl dan leh a rah lawh dan thlengin takin min zirtir a hlawkthlak kan ti hle. Hei

mai bakah hian kan thlenna atanga 30 KM zeta hla Godrej Company in Oil Palm an chinna hmun

leh kui tiahna hmun kan tlawh a, å hmuhnäwm tham hle a ni. Hei bakah hian Oil Palm rah an

sawngbawlna hmun, an Factory puitham tak mai chu kan tläwh a, keini la hmu ve ngai lo tan

chuan engkim mai hi hmuhnawm a ni a, Mizorama an rawn bun ve hun a nghahhlelhawm khawp

mai.

Godrej Company Factory kan tlawhna ah hian tukthuan tui hnai tak min lo siam sak

bakah an Company hmalakna leh an thilsiam chhuah hrang hrangte min hrilhfiah a, a bengvar

thlak tak zet a ni.

Godrej Company hian Oil Palm atang hian henglai a kan hriatlar tak tak Sahbawn chi

hrang hrang, Tel (Oil) chi hrang hrang bakah inchhungkhura kan thil mamawh tamtak an siam

chhuak a, tunah hian Mizoram sawrkar nen Oil Palm bikah hian Mamit, kolasib leh Aizawl

District atan MOU an Sign nghe nghe a ni. An ni hian heng District pathumah te hian Loneituten

Oil Palm hlawhtling taka an chin theihna turin hma an la chho mek a, Factory pawh rawn dah ve

ngei an tum thu an sawi a ni.

A chhungril tak chu kan hriatpui chiah lo nain Company belhchian dawl tak an nih hmel.

Anmahni mi leh sa ngei Nl. Sangtei hovin kan kal bawk a mi an lo dawngsawng tha in kan hriat

duh min hrilh hria a. Andhra Pradesh- ah hian ni hnih hun kan hman hnuin Goa kan pan leh ta a,

tluang taka Goa thlengin April ni 28-30 chhung Goa-ah hian kan cham leh a, hetah pawh hian

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

Godrej Company te hmalakna leh an Factory te kan tlawh leh mai bakah an ni hian tukthuan

tuihnai tak min lo siam sak leh a, kan ei hnem thin khawp mai. Goa hi Mizoram ang deuhva

tlangram anih ve avangin tlangram a Oil chin dan te leh enkawl dan te chipchiar takin helai

hmuhah hian kan zir leh bawk a, amaherawhchu an ni tlangram plantation leh keini tlangram tih

chu a in ang lo hle in kei chuan ka hria. Chutihlai in Goa-ah hian an State Income 16% vel chauh

chu Agriculture atangin a ni a, an income tam zawk chu Tourism atangin a ni daih mai a, kan

tlangram pui an ni a. Tourist lama kan income nen a inthlauh hmel khawp mai.

Andhra Pradesh leh Goa-a Oil Palm chinna hmunpui leh an sawng-bawlna hmun te kan

tlawh atanga ngaihdan ka neih ve tlem han sawi ta ila - Oil Palm hi thil chin tlak tak ni ngeiin

alang a, tunah hian Mizoramah pawh mi tamtak ten an Ching tawh nghe nghe a, abik takin

Godrej Company phei chuan hma an la thui viau tawh a ni. Lunglei District bik tan pawh Ruchi

Soya Industries Ltd. leh Mizoram Sawrkar chuan MOU an Sign bawka an ni pawh hian hma an la

tan mek niin an sawi a, chutiang zelin Lawngtlai District leh Saiha District ah te pawh hmalakna

a kal mek bawk a ni.

Tun tuma kan zuk zin atanga ngaihdan ka neihah chuan Oil Palm hi chhungkaw

innghahna tak tur leh Factory nei kawp a ching tur chuan thil awlsam chu a ni hauh dawn lo niin

ka hmu a, ram a duh zau viau mai a, hei mai bakah phai lama an tih ang tak Systemic taka ti tur

chuan Zopa inchhungkhur atang hian kan tlin ngut a ngem tih hi ngaihtuah tham tak a ni.

Chuvangin Oil Palm hi kan ti tak tak dawn a nih chuan Company, Sawrkar leh Loneitute tan rual

a ngai Viau ang tih hi hriat atul a, chuti lova he Project hi tute emaw in hlawkna tak tak an tel

hnuah ngaihthah a nih leh a, Loneitute mawhphurhna ah kan dah mawl leh tawp dawn a

nih chuan kan beidawng leh thovang tih hi ka hmuh dan a ni.

Chuvangin Oil Palm hi Mizoram in kan hlawkpui tak tak duh chuan a chingtu tur ten an

thawhrim a ngai hle dawn a, chutih rualin Sawrkar leh Company lam pawhin tihtur chin bituk

tlem te a nei a, a bak loneitute kutah mawhphurhna sang tak a pe leh ringawt a nih chuan

loneitu rethei tak tak te hian an thaichhiat vang ni lovin an hlawhchhampui tho tho ka ring.

Oil Palm hlawhtling tak a ching tur chuan tha mai bakah sum leh hmanrua chi hrang

hrang a ngai dawn niin a lang a heng zawng zawng hi thiam taka a chingtute leh sawrkar lam

hian an ngaihtuaih tlan loh chuan Assam, Tripura, West Bengal etc. te ang lek khuan kan

hlawhchham lovang tih hi sawi har tak a ni.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

MIZORAM TAN OIL PALM A THA EM?

Rev. Lalthankhuma

Committee Member,

Eco. Cell, Synod Social Front.

Mizoram Sawrkar-a Agriculture Department-in a buatsaih Palm chinna leh khäwl-a an

herna hmunte en a, zirchiang turin Farmers’ Training-cum-Study Tour, Pedavegi (Andhra

Pradesh) leh Goa State a a buatsaih Ni 23.4.2007 – Ni 4.5.0007 chhunga neihah vanneihthlak

takin Social Front, Economic Cell hmingin kan hotuten tel ve-na remchang min siamsak hlauh

maia, kan Sawrkar leh Synod hruaitute chungah ka lawm tak zet a ni.

Kan kal hma-in kan kal chhan turte, kan kalkawng turte leh riahna turte engkim mai fel

taka buatsaih lawk a nih dan Pu P.Bhattacharjee, Joint Director of Agriculture chuan min hrilh a,

a thlamuan thlak hle mai. Heta kal tur a thlante hi mi 24 kan ni a, mahse kal tak chu mi 22 kan ni

a. Kan tour-a min hruaitu hi C.Vanlalhruaia, A.É.O, Directorate of Agriculture a ni a, kan zing-ah

Nl. P.C. Lalnghahsangi, Development Godrej Agrovet Ltd. Mizoram a el ve bawk an An ni pahnih

hi kan tur hmun (NRC-OP) a Oil Palm chungchang 10 training chhuak awhte an ni a, anmahni

avang hian a awlsam phah a, a lawmawm tak a ni. Tin, kan training-naah hian Nl. Sangtei

tawnglettu ah a awm a, Pu Hruaia Video-a thlalatu-ah atang ve thung a, kan phuisui hle mai.

Andhra Pradesh State a Oil Palm a zirna hmunpui Pedavegi chu Ni 24.4.2007 ah kan

thleng a. Hetah hian National Research Center for Oil Palm (NRC-OP) Scientist rualin an enkawl

chu a awm a. A hmun kan han thleng a, tlai lam dar 7:00 vel a ni nain a lum hle mai a, 40°C-41°C

a ni a. Tin, a hmun hi tuipui atanga a san zawng pawh 107m a ni. Pu Hruaia’n a ti a. (Pu Hruaia

hian Altimeter a keng a ni). A lum thu in hrilh a ngai lova, a hahdam thlak hle zawk mai.

Vanneihthlak takin min hruaitu lo training tawhna a ni a, room tih vawh (Air Conditioned Room)

nuam tak mai pahnih a zarah kan chang thei a, hei hian min chhawk hle mai.

Ni 25.4.2007 ah chuan NRC-OP a an Scientist pakhat Dr.M.V Prasad chuan Lecture Hall

ah min ko khawm a. He Research Center-a an hotupa ber (Director) Dr.M. Kochu Babu chuan

min lo lawmna thu a sawi a. Vanneihthlak takin Pu C. Lalzarliana, Programme Director, MIP

chuan he hun hi min rawn hmanpui a, mi tlawmte te ni mah ila min lo dawnsawn dan hian min

fuih hle a ni. Tichuan Pu Prasad chuan Oil Palm chungchang chipchiar takin a lem nen min

hrilhfiah a, kan hlawkpui hle mai. Zawhna zawt duh tan hun hawn a ni a, kan zingah hian atak

tak a Oil Palm lo ching tawhtu leh lo ti rah tawh hial tute an awma, zawh duh leh hriatchian duh

pawh an ngah hle a ni. Hlawk takin hun kan hmang zel a, a tak tak a thil awmzia en turin field-ah

kan chhuak ta a. A kui tiak tantir dahna hmunah te, a phun-sawn rual an dahna-ah te, tin, tuipek

dan chi-hnih pawimawh zet mai te, tin, a kung tana leitha siamsak dante, leitha pekdan thlengin

a hmun ngeiah min entir a, Oil Palm natna leh eichhetheitu rannungte, a kung hrisello leh a kau

leh a hnah a a lanchhuah dante, venhim dan thlengin min hrilhfiah a, beng leh mit a tlai hle mai.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

He Training a kal ve tur ka ni tih ka hriat tirh phat khan ka thinlung kilkhat luah tlattu a

awm a, chin tur thlai/thil tha tam tak kan inkawhhmuh tawhin a hlawhtlinna leh hlawkna tel tak

tak awm si-lo leh Kut Hnathawktute heti takå an beidawn tawhna hmunah hian Oil Palm ching

tur hian mite thinlung hi kaihthawh leh chu thil huphurhawm tak a va ni em? tih hi ani. Ka

thinlungah zawhna chhan fiah ngai ka nei ta tlat a, "0il Palm hian Zoram ei leh bar intodelhna

atan engnge a thlen ve ang" tih leh "Kut Hnathawktu ten a hlawkna an tel ve tak tak phak ang hi

a ni. A hmuna a nihna tak tak hmuh meuh chuan kei huan kutphah tia pawh neilo hian huan zau

tha tak neih ve te min chakthar tir leh ta si a. Heta tanga ka rilru a lo chiang ta riau mai chu Oil

Mizoram ah hlawhtling takin a chin theih tih a ni. Hemi tichiang tur hian kan zinga kal ve ngei Pu

Saihuala Bilkhawthlir chuan a tihdan mumal tak a hriat hma-in a thiam ang angin a huanah Oil

Palm tiak a lo Phun tawh a, tui a pe lova, leitha a pe bawk lo a, a enkawl vak lo chungin tunah

hian kum 5 a ni tawh a, a rah a tha-in a lian em em a ni tih a sawi a. Tin hmun danga chingtute

pawhin tha takin an ti-rah tawh a. Chuvangin Mizoram-ah hian Oil Palm hi a chin theih a,

hlawkna tel tur pawh a awm a ni tih hi thil chiang bang niin lang.

Tin, Kolasib leh Mamit District te tana Sawrkarin MOU a sign pui Godrej Agrovet Ltd. hi

a hmun ngeiah kan zu tlawh a, Sangtei, an thawktu a tel, bawk a, min lo dawngsawng thain

chawei te min buatsaih sak a, OiL Palm Herna Khawl ropui tak mai chu chipchiar takin min

fanpui a, an company hi Kolasib leh Mamit District chhunga Oil Palm chingtute Agriculture

department nen a tangkawpin Oil Palm chingtute tanpuiin a herna khawl pawh bum turin an lo

inbuatsaih chho muah muah a lo ni a. Godrej Agrovet Ltd Company hi chu an rintlak ngei ang.

Pedavegi ah hian Oil Palm chanchin zirin ni thum deuh thaw kan awm a, tichuan Goa

state a Oil Palm chinna en turin kan kal leh ta a, Goa State hi Mizoram ang deuhin tlangram a ni

ve a, tin, Sik leh sa ah Mizoram nen kan in ang deuh a, chuvangin an Oil Palm chinna hmun tlawh

a zirchiang tura kal pawh kan ni reng a. Oil Palm chinna hmunte chu chipchiar takin kan fang a,

ruahtui tla luan ral tir mai lova an khawl dan-Contour Trenching te, Water Harvesting Pit an

siam te leh Table Top Terrace a Oil Palm chin dante enin Oil Palm rah lawhna hmanrua (sickle)

hmang a Oil Palm rah lawh te kan zirin keimahni ngeiin kan tichhin bawk a. Tin, Godrej Agrovet

Ltd. Oil Palm Hema Khawl te deuh (2.5 MT/ Hr capacity) an neih te kan en bawk a. Goa- hian Oil

Palm chinna hmun tlawhte leh zirchianna atan nihnih kan hmang leh a, Oil Palm chu hrechiang

ve thawkhat hle in ka hre ta a.

Tichuan, Mizoramah hian Oil Palm chin theihna -ramtha Hectare 61 ,000 a awm niin an

sawi a, chu chu tin 1,52,500 hmun a ni a. Oil Palm kung 85,40,000 a chin theih tihna a ni a, a tam

hle mai. Oil Palm chin theihna hmun tlangpui mithiamte sawi chu tuipui zawl atanga meter-a

teha a san zawng 400-900 ah a chin theih a. Sik leh Sa (lum) zawngah chuan a lum laiin 290C -

240c vel hmunah a chintheih a. Tui a mamawh tam avangin tui thatna ngei a pawimawh bawk a.

Hmun zawl, tlangpang awi lutuk lo ni thei se a tha. Central Sawrkar leh Mizoram Sawrkar in sum

75:25 thawh tawm a an hmalak mekah hian Agriculture Directorate-ah Oil Palm bik buaipuitu

hran ISOPOM Section an awm a, eng hunah pawh biak rawn theih reng an ni.

Kan ram Sik leh sa leh ruahtui thlak dante han en hian he Oil Palm thlai hi kan hlawkpui

tur niina lang a. Taima tak leh rim tak a thawk peihte tan thawhhah man thlawn miah lova tel

nghal zel theih a ni a. He thlai chin theihna hmun nei a, tan la theite tan chuan hmalak nghal a va

duh awm em! ! !

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

MIZO MIPUITE TAN AGRICULTURE SCIENCE

THLAI LEH THEI RAH KAN CHIN HOTE CHANCHIN

By H. Joela

S. O-cum-S.A

Thuhmahruai: :-

Kum zabi 19-na in mual a liam tep tawh tihin 'chanchintha' leh a kawppui 'Zirna' chuan

Mizoram an rawn riak lut hlawl mai a. Kum zabi 20-na kawl a eng tan tihin Zoram dung leh vang

an fang dun ta a. Abikin 'Zirna' hian mipui mar a dek thiam deuh bik emaw tih turin, Mau bul

Sipai a tan reng mai leh Vangvat leh Vaihmite chaw a awm reng ai chuan, Pisa babi/babu-a

awmin, ram vak lova sa kah theih a ni a, len deng lova Sangha man theih a nih zia a han sawi tak

tak chuan nu leh pa tam tak mai chuan an fate zirna sikulah an dah lut ta chum chum mai a. Ni

sensa leh ruahpui pawisalo-in an fate tan an tha leh zung an seng a. Zirna lamah nasa taka

intlansiakin, tun dinhmun hi kan thleng chho ta a ni a.

Chanchintha leh zirna avangin khawvel eng kan hmu a, a lawmawm hle. Kan thalaite ti

ti-ah pawh Mobile Phone leh Computer Gadget chi hrang hrang - C.D, Floppy, MP-3 leh Ipod tih

te ani ta nawk mai. Amaherawhchu, hetiang kan nih lai hian Agriculture lamah ve thung chuan,

khawvel pumpui huapah pawh lo neih dan kal hmang chhe ber chi, sapin Jhuming/Shifting

Cultivation an tih, kei nin tlangram lo neih tia kan vuah, kan la keng kawh tlat mai hi a

lungchhiat thlakin a vanduai thlak tak zet a ni. Puhmawh tur a vang e ti ila a tam hle bawk. Hei

hian Science lama kan hniam zia alan chian tir em avangin Agriculture Science kan hriat chian hi

kan tih makmawh a ni. Khawsak phungah leh incheina-ah te changkang hle tawhin inhre mah

ila, Science lama kan la hniam zia lantirtu chu Electric Current hlauhawm zia sawi avanga,

Electric Wire dah khawm khawih ngam lo kan awm te, Pipe hmanga tui siak chhuak lai hmutu-

in, chuan Chung zawkah pawh siak chho thei maia ngai kan la awm te leh, kum 50 hmalam mau

tam laia bawkbawn leh maurah Sazu-ah a chang thin tih thu an sawi awih taktea awih kan la

awm atang hian Science lama kan la hniam zia kan hrethiam thei mai awm e.

Science chu eng nge a nih?

Anih leh Science chu enge anih? Science chu "Thil engpawh an nihna, an chanchin zir

chian a hriatfiah hi a ni" kan ti thei ang. Mi tam tak chuan Science-ah kan sang ve viau tawhin

kan inngai maithei. Amaherawhchu, tlangram lo neih bansan tuma heti taka Sorkarin hma a lak

nasat viau pawh hian bansan a kan duhthlan ber ang maia kan la dah avang hian Agriculture

Science lamah kan tawng sanglo hle mai tih kan tlangau pui ani ber mai. Kawng hrang hrangah

hriatna ngahin inngai mah ila, kan nunna hnar ber, chawl lova kan marphu phut tir rengtu, tuk

leh zana khel lova kan mamawh, kan thlai chin hote chanchin kan hre tlem hle mai a, tun aia

hriat belh chu kan tih makmawh ani a. Kan hre belh duhlo lui ngat anih phei chuan "Thihna

khawp sual" a tling hial zawk a ni.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

Agriculture Science chu eng nge a nih?

Agriculture science hi Eden huan atang khan a intan a. Pathianin mihringte hnena tih

tur a tuhmasak ber kha thildang nilovin Agriculture Science a ni. Computer hi Science emaw,

thla leh Arsi lam Science a ni reng reng lo, Agriculture hrilh fiahna hi tarlang ila a chiang mai

awm e.

Agriculture hrilhfiahna chu eng nge ni?

Hnampui hote chuan, 'There is no culture without Agriculture' an ti a. A awmzia ni

awma lang chu "Agriculture a awm loh chuan hnam nun (Culture) a neih theih loh" a ni e kan ti

thei ang. Chuti nise, Agriculture tih chu enge a hrilhfiahna? Hetiang hian Agriculture hrilhfiahna

chu a in ziak. "Thlai, pangpar leh thei kung chi hrang hrang chin dan leh enkawl puitlin dan

zirna, Sangha khawi, Ar vulh, Ran vulh, Pangang khawi, ramngaw chanchin leh khuai khawi dan

zirna zawng zawng hi Agriculture tia vuah a ni e" tiin. Heng hote hi in mamawh leh inringtawn

vek an nih avangin thliar hran theih an ni lo. Heng hote nena inkaihhnawih leh khawvel thang

chho zel umpha tura zir tel ve ngai a awm a, chungte Chu.

1) Socialogy - Vantlang khawsak, nunphung leh suk thlek dan zirna,

2) Co-operative Society din dan

3) Agriculture Banking te hi compulsary Subject an ni bawk.

Hetiang tak hian zau mahse, an zinga pakhat chauh, kan thlai chin bik chanchin chauh hi

ka rawn thlur bing dawn a ni. Saptawng chuan Cropping Science an ti a. Kei chuan "Thlai leh

theirah kan chin hote" tiin ka vuah dawn ani.

Thlai leh theirah kan chin hote chanchin:-

A hmasa berin thlai chi atangin tan ila.

Thlai chi :- Thlai chi (mu) hi chihnih a awm a. Keu phel theih mai leh keu phel theih loh hlawm

khat an ni. Keu phel theih Ioh hi Monocotyledon an ti a. Chung hote Chu, Buh, Wheat, Faiber,

Vaimim,Buhtun, Coconut leh Kuhva ang hote hi an ni. Keu phel mai theih hote hi DiCotyledon an

ti a. Berul, Bepui, Bekang, Changkha, Bawkbawn etc. hote hi an ni vek. Hetia han en mai hian

hriat hran theih an ni. Dicotyledon hote hi chu an hnah a zung hrual (leaf vein) hi a zung hrual

hrawl bik atangin an peng darh a. Monocotyledon hote erawh hi chu ngil takin an awm vek

thung. eg. Vaimim, Buh etc. Thlai chi chungchanga kan hriat tur pawimawh thenkhat te chu :-

a) Tiah theih hun chhung (Viability period) nei vek an ni a. Eichawp thlai hote hi an tiah

theih hun chhung hi theirah kan chin hote ai hian a rei bik hle. Kum 1

atanga kum 4 thleng

pawh an dam thei. Theirah hote erawh hi chu ni 7 atang thla 6 vel chauh an dam tlangpui. Khawi

hmunah pawh tam lua awm ngai LO Serthlum chi hi a mu tuamtu a hrin chhung chauh a dam.

b) An tiah theih nan khaw lum leh vawt mamawh tawk leh bithliah fel tak nei vek an ni.

c) A chi tur atana dahthat chu puitling tha tak leh ro tha tak an ni tur a ni. A dahthatna

pawh hmun hul leh eng hmuh thatna nise, Boruak thengthaw tha tak luh theihna hmun ani tur a

ni. d) Nunna nei an nih avangin, tiak tura boruak an mamawh tawk awmna hmunah chuan

tui kan tih huh chuan, tiak turin a mit (embryo) kha a rawn thang mai thin a, phoro leh vat mah

ila, a in thar thawh leh thel tawh lo a, a chhe mai thin. Chuvangin i chin mai tur a nih loh chuan

tui i ti huh tur a ni lo. Boruak hnawng a tam avang pawhin a chhe thei tih hria ang che. Tiak tura

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

an tui mamawh hi rah an chhuah thlenga an tui mamawh zat atanga chhutin 1 % chauh anih

avangin fimkhur hle tur a ni.

An in thlah pun dan : Hei hi hlawm hnih lian takin a then theih a chungte Chu:-

a) A chi atanga inthlah pun (Sexual reproduction) chhoh zel : Hei hi chi hrang inang lo thlah

pawlh (Hybrid) pawh a huam a ni. Tunlai thiamna-ah chuan thlai chite hi X-ray khawl hmanga

an sawngbawl hnuah a let 10 zeta lian ten rah an chhuah tir thei. Hetiang hote hi G.M. Food

(Genetically Modified Food) tiin an vuah a ni. Mihring tan ei ngam anih leh nih loh hriat a la ni lo.

b) A peng/zar phunsawn atangin: A bik takin thei kan chin hote zingah kan hmang nasa ber.

Thlai hringah hian sawi tur tingin hmuh theih pakhat kan nei ve a. chu chu Alu hi a ni. Apeng/zar

phunsawn hi tih dan chi hrang hrang a awm a, chungte Chu:-

1) Kawlawm (Grafting): Thei kung zar lian lo tak chu a pil inches 1 vela thui paih kual

vek hnu-ah lei thain an tuam hnan ta a. Hun engemawti hnuah thei zar hmawr lam atangin zung

a rawn chhuah thin a. Chu chu tan chhumin an phun sawn ta thin a ni.

2) A tang chawrno zar zawm: Thei atang chawrno hlim te tak te chu la thla-in, thei kung

dangah uluk takin an thuna an char bet thin. Hei hi budding tiin an vuah.

3) Layering (Thing tang zawm) : Thei tang pakhat kha thei dang kungah uluk taka inrek

tawnin an zawm thin a, hetiang hi Air layering an ti a. Thei zar, a bikin Grape thei zam darh hote

hi a zar hmawr lam a pil vel kualin leiah an phum a, zung a insiam hunah a kungpui lam an tan

mai thin. Hetiang hi Soil Layering ti.

Alu hi a bula rah insiam a ni lo va. A zar peng lei hnuaia thang lian (Stem Modification) a

ni tih i hria ang u. Chuvangin ni eng an hmuh chuan an hring zai thin. Engdang vanga hring an

nilo a, a kung a nih miau avangin nisa-in a em chuan a hring ta mai thin a ni. Lei i vur chuan a

hring kha a bo leh mai ang. A rah nise chuan a hring lo bawk ang.

Thlaiten chaw an siam dan :

Bazara Sai chi hrang hrangte lei teuh mah ila, kan taksa tan kan sem rual theih nan

rawng kan bawl sauh sauh hnuah kan ei a, kan semrual thei chauh a ni. Chutiang bawk chuan

thlai hian an tih ve a ngai a. An tona hmun leh kan chinna hmunah khan an ei duh zawng tam hle

mahse an sawngbawl hnu-ah an ei ve thei chauh. Hetia an sawngbawl dan hi saptawngin

'Photosynthesiss an ti a. Thingkung, hnim leh kan thlai chin hote, hnah hring chhuah zawng

zawngte hian, he an hrinna leh ni zung chakna tangkawpin leilunga an ei duh zawng

awmkhawm chu an ei duh bik chauh an lak theih nan an phelh darh a. An taksa peng tinte

mamawh ang zelin an sem darh ta thin a ni. An zung atanga chaw leh tui an hip chhoh chu

Photosynthesis hmang hian lo ti danglamin, an mamawh dan ang zelin a semdarh ta a ni.

Boruak atangin kei nin kan thawk chhuah Carbon dioxide chu an hip lut a, keinin kan nunna ber

Oxygen chu an hnah hnuai lama an thawkna Stomata atang chuan an rawn thaw chhuak ve

thung a. Kan tan an hlu a, an tan kan hlu bawk. Hei hi hnim hring leh mihringte kan inmamawh

tawnna ropui ber pakhat a ni. Kan hriatreng tur pawimawh tak chu, thlaite hi ni eng chakna

hmanga an ei tur an siam avangin nipui lai aiin thlasikah ni a lan rei loh avangin an thang chaklo

bik tih hi a ni. Amaherawhchu, Eucalyptus leh Nihawi hi nipui leh thlasikah an than chak dan a

inang reng.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

Thlai chaw mamawh te :-

Thlai hian an thanlen nan thil chi hrang hrang 16 an mamawh a. Tam tham deuha an

mamawh hote chu Macronutrients an ti a. Tlem tham deuh a an mamawh hote

chuMicronutrients tiin an vuah. An chaw mamawh hote chu - Nitrogen, Phospho- rus,

Pottassium,. Calcium, Manganese, Sulphur, Carbon, Oxygen, Hydrogen, Iron, Magnesium, Copper,

Zinc, Boron, Molybdenum leh Chlorine te an ni a. A hmasa 6 (paruk) te khi Macronutrients an ti

a. Heng zinga a hmasa 3 (pathum) Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Pottasium te hi an zinga pakhat pawh

hi awm talo sela thlai hi an nung thei lo. A lam tawiin NPK tia hriat an ni a. An pawimawh em

avangin Major Nutrients an ti bik. Carbon, Oxygen leh Hydrogen te hi boruak leh tui atanga

rawngbawl buai ngai lova an hmuh a ni. A bak zawng 7 (sarih) te khi Micronutrients an ni a,

tlem te te chauh an mamwh a ni. Thlai chaw mamawh hote hi hetiang hian a formula kan ziak

thei ang. 6+3+7 = 16, hemi awmzia chu 6 (paruk) te hi Macronutrients an ni a. 3 (pathum) hi a

thlawna an hmuh a ni a. 7 (sarih) hi tlem te te a an mamawh hote an ni tihna a ni.

An chaw-ei thinte hnathawh dan :

1) Nitrogen - Tha tak leh duah taka hnah chhuah tirtu a ni.

2) Phosphorus - A kung thanlen tirtu leh ti khawngtu.

3) Pottasium - A rah insiam tura puitu

4) Calcium - Akung ti khawngtu leh a zung thanlen tirtu.

5) Magnesium & Sulphur-Thlai tin ten rim an neih theuhte siamtu leh par/vui tha tak an neih

nana puitu an ni.

6) Oxygen, Hydrogen & Carbon - Hengho hian nizung chakna nen tangkawpin thlai chaw an

siam a. Thlai mamawh hote leia in hlawmkhawm chu phei darhin an duh zawng

an ei theih ngei na tura siam saktu an ni a. Ei-rawngbawl saktu an ni ber e.

A bak zawng Micronutrients 7 (sarih) hote hi chu tam tham lo taka an mamawh an nih

avangin Macronutrients ho puitu an ni. Hetiang tak hian an hnathawh dan sawi mah ila, a

tlangpui tarlanna ang chauh ani tih hria ila. A that dan berah chuan kimchang takin hmu thei se,

keinin, Balanced diet kan tih ang hi a ni ang a, thlai an hriselin an rah tha ang a, an rah a mawiin,

rim an chhuah tha ang a, an tui bawk ang. A chunga kan tarlan atanga kan hriatbelh tur tul

thenkhat a awm a, chungte Chu:-

a)Thlai chaw lakhawmtu ber chu a zung pengdarh a, a sin te te, Root hairs an tih ho hi an ni a. A

dang a zung hrawl bik hote hi chu a kungpui pawt nghettu an ni.

b)Thlaite hi lei chhungril thuk tak atanga chaw lakhawm thin an ni lova. Lei Chung pawnlang

inches 3 leka chhah hi an chaw zawnna a ni a. An chaw tamna lamah zung an thlak hnem bik

bawk.

c) Thlai chaw zinga pawimawh ber pawl Nitrogen hi, leia kan dah hnu hian a thiante anglo takin

lei chhungril lamah an lut thla zel thin a. Thil dang hote chu lei vang dap zawngin an in semdarh

thunga, englai pawha hmuh theih an ni a. Nitrogen kan hmuhna ber Urea kan pek hian lei

chhungril lama an luh zel avangin Thlai ten hmuh theihna hun an nei tlem a.

Chuvangin vawi khata pe vek lovin tum 3 (thum) peka hman tur a ni tih hriat a tha.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

Rah an chhuah dan :- An chi a mang mai loh nan thlai, hnim, pangpar leh thingkungte hian rah

an chhuah a ngai thin. Chumi ti thei tur chuan par an chhuah a ngai thin. Kan thlai chin bikah

hian lo thlur bing ta ila - par an chhuah dan hi hlawm hnihin a then theih a, Hetiangin:-

1) Self Pollinated Crop :- Heng hote hi a nu leh a pa chi chu par pakhatah kawpin an infin

hnu-ah an rawn par chhuak thin. eg. Buh, Wheat, Millet (buh ül) leh Hmunphiah ang hote hi an

ni. Pawnlam puihna an mamawh ve lo.

2) Cross Pollinated Crop :- Hei erawh chu a nu leh a pa chi te chu pawn puihna avanga

infin khawmin rah an chhuah thei chauh thin. Mihring ten kan pawlh tir te pawh hei hian a huam

bawk. A sawifiahna atan - Midum -pangpar kan tih hi a par chhungah khuang vuakfung ang tak a

rawn chawr chhuak fur a. Hengho te hi alai taka ding chho hi chi awmna a ni a, Stigma tia vuah a

ni a, a kuang hi Style-an ti a, a bul vawng hi ovary an ti bawk. Hemi hual veltu a kuang bawk lai hi

anthers an ti a. A pa chi Pollen kengtu an ni. Khuai, Maimawm, Tho, Phengphehlep, Pikhawizu

etc. ho ten an bawm hian apa chi Pollen chu Stigma-ah an dah a. Hetia a nu leh a pa chi a intawn

hnu hian a kuang (Style) chhungah chhuk thlain Ovary-ah hian infinkhawmin pumkhatah an

insiam hnu-ah a rah sen a rawn insiam thin. Amaherawhchu, a nu par leh a pa par an rawn

chhuahpui dan a inang vek lo, Hetiangin:-

1) Kung khata a nu par leh a pa par a hrang a rawn chhuahpui hote :- Fanghma hi kuang

khata a par hmasa ber hi a nu par a ni a. A dawtah a pa par a ni leh a. Inkarthlakin an pu a ni.

Vaimim hi a lera a vui hi a pa chi a ni a. A nu par chu a kung leh a hnah inkarah a awm a. A pa chi

an dawn tlem chuan 'a pi ha beuh' an tih ang hi a lo ni ta thin. An vuih laia thlipui a tleh hian a

awm duh bik bawk. Chhawn a thlak dan atangin a kawm that leh that loh dan tur a hriat theih

bawk.

2) A par pakhat a nu leh a pa chi keng kawp :- Hei hi a chunga kan sawi tak 'Midum pangpar'

ang chi khi a ni a. Kan thlai chin tam zawk hi hetiang anga par rawn chhuah pui an ni.

3) A nu kung leh a pa kung nei hrang:- Thingfanghma hi a nu kung leh a pa kung nei hrang a ni

a. A nu kung 10 (sawm) tan apa kung khat a tawk anga chhut chhuah a ni. Variety pakhat Coorg

honey chauh chu a nu leh a pa par keng kawp awm chhun a ni.

4) Lei hnuaia chhungkaw pem lut : Kan thlai chin dangte ang lo takin Badam hian rah a chhuah

a. A par pakhatah a nu leh a pa chi awm kawpa par chhuah thin a ni. Amaherawhchu, a nu leh a

pa chi chu an infinkhawm hnuah Ovary lama chhuk lovin Stigma chu a thang sei vak a, lei

chhungah a zung bulah rah an zuk chhuah ta thin a ni. A zung puak emaw a bulah rah an chhuah

thin emaw ilo ti mai ang e.

Rah chhuah tirtu :

Thlai tam zawkte hian pawn lam puihna tello chuan rah an chhuah hlei theilo kan tih

tawh kha. Rah chhuahtirtute mamawh leh mamawhlo an awm. Hetiangin-

a) Mahni intum chawp: Kan sawi tawh angin Self Pollinated Crop kan tih hote Buh, Wheat,

Buhtun etc hote chuan puih an ngai lo.

b) Tanpuitu ngai hote : Cross Pollinated Crops kan tih zawng zawng hote hian tanpuitu an

mamawh vek a, entirnan - Hmun pakhatah Thingfanghma nu kung awm teuh ta se, a pa kung

chu mel 2 (hnih) danah pawh awm mahse, rah an chhuah tho thin. Puitu an neih vanga rah thei

an ni. Hetiang rah chhuah tirtu hote chu :-

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

1) Insects :- An taksa bungthum, Lu, awm leh Dul tia then hran theih hote hi insects an ti a. Khuai

chi hrang hrang, Khawivah, Khawimu, Khawivanrial, Khawite, Khawi Bel, Pikhawizu,

Phengphehlep, tho chi hrang hrang thosi etc. te ho hian pangpar an bawm atangin thlai chi

hrang hrang hote hi a nu chi leh a pa chi an infinkhawm tir thin a. Thlai chi inhnaih (in

chhungkhat) deuh te phei chu an thlah pawlh fir fo thin, hengho ten an bawm lohna hmunah

thlai an rah thei ngai lo.

2) Sava, Bak leh rannung dangte: Sava te, Bak te leh ram sazute leh bawkvaka 'kai tam tak hote

Inan pangpak ei Ching an awm a. Heng hote avang hian thlaiin rah an chhuah theih phah.

3) Thli leh ruah :- A bikin thlifim leh ruah phingphisiau ang hote hian thlai rah theih nan an pui

nasa hle, Ruahpui vanawn leh thlipui ang te erawh hi chu a tichhetu an ni zawk mah.

4) Mihring kut:- Tunlaia mithiam zir bing hote hian thlai chi thar siam chhuah kawngah nasa

takin an thawk a. Self Pollinated Crop hote pawh an thlah pawlh tir thei a hi. Chuvangin thlai chi

thar siam chhuah kawngah chuan khuanü ruatsa ho aiin hna an thawk nasa zawk daih a ni.

Pangpar rawng chi hrang hrang hote hi:- Thlai leh pangpar hoten rawng chi hrang mawi tak

tak an chhuah thin hi a tangkaina sawi tur kan mithiam zirbing hote chuan an hre tlem hle. An

rin dan chuan, rannung chi hrang hrang, Insects atanga Sai thleng hian an khaw eng leh rawng

chi hrang hrang an hmuh dan hi kei ni mihringte hmuh dan nen a in anglo tih an hmuchhuak

tawh a. Thlai leh pangpar ten an rim an pek chhuah hote awlsam taka an chhinchhiah theih nana

kawhhmuhtu tangkai tak ni turah an ruat ve tawp mai a. Dik pawh a dik ngei ang tih a rinawm.

Amaherawhchu, Pitcher Plant leh rannung chawa ring pangpar hote chuan an mahni bawmtu

rannung chu lo man betin chaw atan an hmang thung a ni.

A chi tur thlan dan : Hnam fing apiangin thlaI chi thlan an uluk tih hria ila. Buh tak ngial pawh

hi a fang mal te tein an thlang peih a ni. A chi tur thlan dawna hriattur thenkhat chu henge hi a

ni.

1) A tha berah chuan a kung hrisel leh a rah pawh hrisel tak atanga lak tur a ni a. A tir atanga

lawh miah loh ni thei hial se a tha.

2) Fang neia rah hote hi chu, a len dan inrual khat leh him tha, ro tha tak, puitling tawk tak an ni

tur ani a. Pisil deuh leh sawng tip tep chu thlan loh tur a ni.

3) A nawlpui sengkhawm hma a lo lak fel vek nise, ni engah kar khat tal inpho hman se.

4) Thla chawhma lamah ngei lakkhawm nise, Thlanawi lama lakkhawm chu rannung ten an tui

phum nan hman an chin fo avangin a nget duh bik a. Thla nawi lama lak chu pumpelh hram a tha

ber.

A chi tur dah that dan : A chi vawn him hi a lakkhawm laia uluk a ngaih ang bawkin uluk taka

tih a ngai a. Hengte hi kan hriat tur pawimawh ani ang.

1) A dahna bawm chu phui thatur a ni a, tui hi a lut mai thei tur a ni lo.

2) Eng a hmu tha-in boruak thengthaw a hmu thei tur a ni a. Ni engin a chhun theihna hmun

erawh pumpelh a tha. Mizopa inah chuan rap Chung leh tap chal vela dah that hi a him khawp

mai. Lei si lo, van si lo-a khai kan hi a tha a.

3) A tam tham-ah erawh chuan tui a rawn luh palh pawha a chim mal theih loh nan a kangah dah

ngei bawk ni se.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

4) Rannung vak hote leh thlawk thei hote tamna hmunah dah loh tur. Heng ho hian an tui phum

nan emaw an lo eichhe thei a. Chutiang hmunah chuan dah loh tur a ni.

Fimkhurna tur leh kan ngaih pawimawh tur te :

1. Fertilizer hote hi thlai kung atanga inches 2 vela hlaah kan pe thin tur a ni. Chuti anih loh

chuan thlai an ei chhe thei thin..

2. Thlai leh thei rah hote hi a venna damdawia kan kah chuan, kan kah atanga ni 7 (sarih) ah

chuan mihring tan ei pawilo-a ngaih a ni.

3. Thlai hnah hring, Antam, Zikhlum, Parbawr etc, tuk tina kan lawh thin hote hi Pangang leh

rannung te takte te hoten an bawm duh hle. Hetiang hote hi damdawia kah an chakawm hle.

Mahse tih hauh loh tur a ni. A tihdan tha berah chuan thlai kahna turin emaw Pipe hmanga phuh

tirin a kung kha uluk takin kap la. Heng rannung hote hi tui huh an ngaih theih loh avangin, zing

leh tlaia uluk taka i kah chuan kar khat bak kah an ngai lovang. Damdawia kah a nih chuan

thlaiin a tuar thei a. Kar khat hnu-ah chauh a ei ngam dawn bawk avangin a sawt chuang lo.

4. Buh kung hi a that luattuk chuan Nitrogen a hmu tam tawk tihna a ni a. Hemi hian Buh vui

hote a fanga insiam tur a hlawhchham tir theih avangin, buh hnah chu hlep kawlh vak ang che.

Hetia tih hian buh vuite chu a si tur lakah a veng ang.

5. Thei leh thlai kan chin hote hian rah an chhuah theih nan Carbon leh Nitrogen te hi inbuk

tawk taka an hmuh a ngai a. Chu chu CN Ratio an ti a. Abikin thei kan chin hote hian an mamawh

lehzual. He thil pahnihte hi awlsam taka hmuh tir dan a awm a chu chu, thei kung thawlh fo thin

leh an kung (thei kung) sah chik emaw chem chhip zuma kuk/kik Chik fo tur a ni. "Ser rah theilo

pawh hi hau vak ila, a kung han sat derin sat Chik ila a kum lehah chuan arah teuh mai" an tih

pawh hi, hei hi a chhanna, a chhan leh vang a ni zawk e. A zung zam darh kar chet fo pawh hi thil

tha tak a ni. Kan thei chinte chu a rah chhuah hun chu eng hunah pawh lo ni ta se, a rah kan seng

zawh hnu lawkah suat thawl a, a zar paih then hun atan a tha ber zel a ni tih hriat turte Par a

chhuah hnuah leh a rah hial a chhuah hnu-ah phei chuan tih reng reng loh tur a ni.

5) Thei leh thlai kan lawha kan sengkhawmin fimkhur tak leh uluk takin kan la khawm thin a ni.

Hemi kawngah hian Mizote hi Zawng (Monkey) ram tla lai ai hian kan u deuh awrh chauh emaw

tih tur a ni. Kan fimkhur leh zual a ni. Chemte hriam tak emaw; Sakawrbakcheh hmanga lawh i

Ching tawh ang u. Hetianga tih atulna chhante chu —

a) A lawh la hun loh leh a la rah tur a par tam tak kan ti chhe thin a hlawk tur angin a, hlawk lo.

b) A par kan kuai tliak palh thei a. An zamna hrui kan phih chat thei bawk. Hei hian an than a ti

thu thei a, an thar tlem phah bawk.

c) Thlai thenkhat chu hmel mawi lo takin kan siam thei a. Rei tak dah that theih kha an daih rei

loh phah thei a ni.

d) Hralh leh chhawn atan him taka lawh chu a tha bik a. Thliar hran (Grad-ing) atan pawh a

awlsamin khawih vel a nuam.

e) Fimkhurlo taka lawh chu him lo leh lei chakawm lo tak tak a tam duh avangin man to taka

hralh a har bik thin.

A tlangkawmna : A chunga kan tarlan take hi engtham ni mah suhse, ngun taka kan zira kan

zawm chuan hmasawnna ropui tak kan neiin, hlawhtlinna kawngah min hruai ngei ang tih ka

ring nghet tlat a ni.

AGRI MAG. ZORAM LONEITU APRIL-JUNE,2007

PU P.ROENGA D.A.O (Rtrd.)

CHANCHIN TAWI

Basic Agriculture Training leh Extension Training Course(B.A.T &

E.T.C) azawh hnuin 17

May,1958-ah Agriculture Demonstrator (A.D) atan Assam Sawrkar in

appointment a pe a. Kum sawm pahnih zet Agriculture Demonstrator-ah hian a awm a, Kum

1971-ah Assistant Agriculture Inspector-ah a kaisang a. Kum 1977-ah Progress Assistant

(N.E.C)- A.E.O. tlukpuiah promotion a hmu leh a ni.

Kum 1982-'84 ah Integrated Training Centre (I.T.C) Hnahthial-ah Training Instructor in

a awm leh a. Chuta tangin Serchhip-ah Sub. Divisional Agriculture Officer (S.D.A.O) in kum 1990

June thla thleng a awm a. Tin, District Agriculture Officer (D.A.O.) ah kaisang leh in, Chhimtuipui

Disrict, Saiha-ah June1990 atanga June, 1993 thleng a awm leh a ni. Kun 1993, July thla atangin

Aizawl West District-ah DAO in kum 1997 thleng a awm a.Kum 1997,0ctober atang a June, 1998

thlengin Aizawl District-ah D.AO a ni leh a ni.

Aizawl West District-ah D.A.O a nih laiin 'Productivity Award in Service (1995-96) a

dawng a, India ram pumpuiah pahnihna a ni a. President of India in N.Delhi-ah he Award a hmuh

hi a hlan a ni.

Kum 40 zet Sawrkar hna a thawk a. Hotute leh thawhpuite nen vawikhat mah tawk

lovin 1st July,1998 khan Superqnuation a chawl ta a nic A pension hnu hian a nupui fanaute nen

Veng, Aizawl-ah an inbengbel a. Bethlehem Presbyterian ah te inhmang zuiin, Puitling Sunday

Sikul zirtirtu, Ramthar member leh Finance Committee hna te a chelh mek a ni.